Door closer



Jan. 3, 1950 Filed Aug. 19, 1946 FIG. E. 4 4' 2 fgr zo r 22 /23 H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,116

DOOR CLOSER 2 Sneets-Sheet l FIG.v 2.

, I '49 3| m 20 T l j i 3 65,- v I j I 27 57 INVENTOR HENRY S. DIEBEL ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1950 H. s. DIEBEL 2,4 3,116

7 DOOR CLOSER I Filed Aug. 19, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HENRY S. DIEBEL ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 3, 1959 PATENT OFFICE DOOR CLOSER Henry-S. DiebeLDpwney, Calif., assignor to G. G. Bakew'ell, Pasadena, Calif.

Application August-19, 1946, Serial N o; 691;558

3' Claims. 1 This invention relates to a. spring closerhinge for a door.

Reference is. made to my co-pending applicationSerialNmGQlg-SSQ filedAugust 19, 19.46,-which relates to thehydraulic hinge shown in this appiication.

Oneobject of my invention: is to provide an actuating hinge unit to mount a. door. Another ohject'isto provide a door-closer hinge adapted to carry the weight of a: door. A further object'isito provide means in 'a door closing hinge for ad- 'j'usting the relative elevations of-the leaves after the door is hingedlymounted on the door frame in order toshift the load of the'door weight to the closer hinge. These and other objects are attained by imy invention which will be. understood from the-following description, reference being madexto the: accompanying: drawings in. which:

Fig. 1 is a: front elevational view showing apair of hinges-mountinga door on a doorframe;

Fig. 2' isv a cross-sectional view taken on -theline 2--2 ofiFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is: a crossi-sectiona-l'view taken line 3-3 of Fig.2;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken line 4--4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is-a cross-sectional viewtaken line"5'-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken line 6-6-of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional'view taken line 1-1 of: Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a. cross-sectional view taken linexB-Bs of Fig. .2;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectionalview taken line 99 'of Fig. .2;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectionalview taken iine l:0-I 0 of Fig. 2;

Fig. llxisa cross-sectional view similar to-Fig. 9., but showing the position of the piston in the re-- tarding portion of the cycle the dowel pin being omitted in this view;

Fig. 12 is .a cross-sectional view taken on the line l2--I2 of Fig. 8.

In general, myinvention includes a pair of hingesadapted tohingedly mount a dooron a doorframe, one of the hinges having an hydraulic checking mechanism for controlling the angular movement of the-door and the other hinge having a.v coil spring actuator mechanism which is adapted tostore up energy from 'thehandoperation of opening the-door: and then to-release'the energy to'actuate the-door'in the closing direction. The actuator hinge is provided with a thrust bearing and elevating means by which;

on the on the onthe on the onthe :on'the on the 'on the after installation: of the-hinges on the door and doorframe, the relative elevations of the two leaves may be adjusted so that the weightof the door is carried on the thrust bearing and the hydraulic checking hinge is substantially free from any downward thrust due to theweight of the door.

Referring to the drawings, the closer or actuiator hinge 2H and the hydraulic checking hinge 2| are mounted on the door 22 hingedly supporting it on the doorframe: 23. The closer hinge consists of a hollow cylindrical casing 24, having a cavity-25 and anattached or integral leaf 2-6 which is provided with screw holes 21 for attachment of the hinge leaf. A hinge pin 28 is mounted in a thrust bearing 29 at the bottom of the cavity 25 and in a sleeve bearing 30 near the upper end of the casing, the bearing being held in place by the bushing 3| which is'screw threaded into the upper end: of the cavity of the casing 24. The bushing 31 is provided with radial holes 32 adapted to be engaged by aspanner wrench or the like for step-by-step rotation of the bushing, a :stop pin 33 being provided'for insertion in one of -25 the holes to prevent the unwinding of the coil spring'34, which is disposed around the hinge pin 28 within the cavity 25. The coil spring'34 is anchored at the lower end 35in the radial hole-36 in the hingep'innear the bottom of the cavity and it is alsoanchored at the upper end 31 in the hole 38 in the bushing 3|. When the spring is Wound up, the stop pin 33 presses against the leaf 26 to prevent the unwinding of the spring. The .slot 'in'the upperend of the casing 24 opposite the leaf 26 adjacent the radial holes 32 may be covered byacovering snap ring 40. The lower end of the hinge pin :28 is tapered to fit in the inner ring 4! of the thrust b'allbearing 29, the outer retainer'ring 42 of the ballbearing being seated near the bottom of the cavity 25 of the casing 24.

The upper end of the hinge pin 28 above the bushing 31 is non-circular, preferably hexagonal, incross section. The other leaf 43 of the closer hinge 20 is providedwith a cylindrical hubM in'theaXis of which is a non-circular or hexagonal hole 45 adapted to slidingly fit ever the non-circularor'hexagonal upper end of the hinge pin 28. The upper part of the hole-45 is cylindrical and threaded to'engage the threaded lift screw 41, this lift screw being provided with a tool engaging cavity 48 which permits the screw to be turned by a'suitable tool. A closing cap 49 is adapted to slip over the hub 44, with a '55 vertical slot fittingover the leaf- 43. The leaf 43 is also provided with screw holes 21 for attaching the hinge to the edge of the door 22.

The hydraulic checking hinge 2| consists of a casing 55 having a cylindrical cavity and an attached or integral leaf 51 with screw holes 21 for attaching the leaf to the door frame 23. A hinge pin 58 is mounted in the cavity 55, the hinge pin being pivoted in the bearing 59 in the bottom of the casing 55. A sleeve bearing 60 is provided at the upper end of the cavity 56 being held in place by the closure bushing 6| which is screw threaded into the top of the cavit 55.

A reservoir cup 62 is provided in the upper end;

of the cavity 56 below the closure bushing 6|, locking rings 63 and 64 being provided to hold the reservoir cup in position. Below the reservoir cup 62 is provided a segmental partition member or dam 65 whose radial ends form the end walls of a working chamber 66 for the hydraulic piston 61 which is attached to the hinge pin 58 within the working chamber. The segmental partition member or dam 65 is preferably made integrally with the casing 55. The reservoir cup 62 is positioned radially by means of the dowel pin 68 in corresponding holes in the dam 85 and the reservoir cup 82. The flow of hydraulic liquid from one side of the piston 61 to the other, during the movement of the piston in the working chamber is controlled by variable constructed conduits to give the selected effects upon the door opening and closing. The upper end of the hinge pin 58 is provided with an axial hole 69 in which the metering pin 7!] slides, the upper portion of the hole 69 being threaded to permit adjustment of the position of the metering pin through the knurled end H extending beyond the upper end of the hinge pin. The metering pin near its lower end is provided with a tapered portion where it intersects a hole 72 through the hinge pin 58, leading from one side of the piston 61 to the other. By adjusting the position of the metering pin relative to the hole 12 the hydraulic friction of the hydraulic liquid passing through this hole may be regulated. Also a oneway conduit 13 is provided through the hinge pin 58 within the working chamber 66, this one way conduit having a seated ball 14 and retainer 15 therefor which permits the liquid to flow freely from one side of the piston to the other, but shuts off the flow when the movement is in the opposite direction.

The reservoir cup 62 is hydraulically connected to the working chamber by two checked-valved orifices '26 which permit the hydraulic fluid to flow from the reservoir into the working chamber on either side of the piston but prevent it from flowing in the opposite direction. The hydraulic liquid in the reservoir is nonpressured and in the event that any hydraulic liquid leaks out of the working chamber, it is replenished from the reservoir when a reduced pressure results in the working chamber on one side of the piston from the rotary movement of the piston. The lower surface of the reservoir cup serves as the upper wall of the working chamber 66. This surface is provided with grooves of varying sizes which effect the hydraulic friction at different angular positions of the piston. As shown, the groove 18 starting from the open position of the hinge is large enough in cross-sectional area so that substantially no hydraulic friction is introduced in the initial movement of the hydraulic piston 61 from the open position of the hinge. As the piston approaches the closed hinge position, a

. affect the hydraulic friction in the opening direction of movement.

The other leaf which is usually attached to the edge of the door by screw holes 21 is provided with a split clamp member 86 having an axial hole 81 adapted to engage the upper end portion 88 of the hinge pin 58. Clamp screws 89 are provided in the clamp member 86 to hold it non-rotatably on the hinge pin 58 in the upper portion 88. A closing cap 49 may be provided to cover the knurled adjusting end H of the metering pin.

The use of the closer hinge carrying the weight of the door in combination with another hinging unit coacting to hold the door in hinged relation to the door-opening but carrying none of the weight of the door, allows the precision hydraulic mechanism to function for long periods of time, without the requirement of servicing or adjustment. The door may be mounted in the usual way by screws fastening the leaves to the edge of the door and the doorframe and then the lift screw 41 adjusted so that the weight of the door is shifted to the closer hinge which is particularly adapted to carry a load. The hydraulic hinge, with its precision construction is protected from wear in the hydraulic surfaces by shifting the load to the closer hinge. Since a door is always mounted with a minimum of two hinges, it is possible to provide the control hinge and the closer hinge of similar outside ornamental design and of inconspicuous proportions so that door control in homes and other places where inconspicuous accessories are desired, is now possible by use of this invention.

I claim:

1. A load-bearing closer hinge comprising a hollow cylindrical casing, a casing leaf attached by an edge to said hollow casing, a hinge pin mounted axially in said casing and having an extension of non-cylindrical cross-section above said casing, a bushing for said hinge pin disposed near the open end of said casing and attached thereto, a thrust bearing for said hinge pin in said casing, a hub having a hinge-pin leaf attached thereto, said hub having a noncylindrical axial hole adapted to non-rotatably engage said hinge pin extension but adapted to permit axial movement therein of said hinge extension, a coiled spring around said pin, one end of said spring being attached to said pin and the other end to said bushing, and means for adjusting the longitudinal position of said hub on said shaft extension 2. A load-bearing closer hinge comprising a hollow cylindrical casing, a casing leaf attached by an edge to said hollow casing, a hinge pin mounted axially in said casing and having an extension of non-cylindrical cross-section above said casing, a thrust bearing for said hinge pin in said casing, a bushing for said hinge pin disposed near the open end of said casing and attached thereto, a hub having a hinge pin leaf attached thereto, said hub having a non-cylindrical axial hole adapted in its lower portion to non-rotatably engage said hinge pin extension but adapted to permit axial movement therein of said hinge pin extension, a coiled spring around said pin, one end of said spring being attached to said pin and the other end to said bushing, and a threaded plug in the upper threaded plug in the upper threaded portion of said hole adapted to press upon the end of said extension, whereby to control the longitudinal position of said hub and its attached leaf, relative to said casing.

3. A load-bearing closer hinge comprising a hollow cylindrical casing, a casing leaf attached by an edge to said hollow casing, a hinge pin mounted axially in said casing and having an extension above said casing, a thrust bearing for said hinge pin in said casing, a hub having a hinge-pin leaf attached thereto, said hub having an axial hole adapted in its lower portion to engage said hinge pin extension and to permit axial movement therein of said hinge pin extension, a threaded plug in the upper threaded portion of said hole adapted to press upon the end of said extension, whereby to control the longitudinal position of said hub and its attached leaf relative to said casing, a rotatable bushing in the upper REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 241,280 Baush et a1 May 10, 1881 442,547 Radler Dec. 9, 1890 496,926 White May 9, 1893 808,757 Jones Jan. 2, 1906 1,563,869 Larson Dec. 1, 1925 1,837,716 Johnsen Dec. 22, 1931 2,200,865 Stannard May 14, 1940 2,230,661 Wennmann Feb. 4, 1941 

